• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
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  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Method for the short-term preservation of fresh hides and skins. Method for preserving fresh leathers and skins for a period of up to 10 days by treating fresh hides and skins with an aqueous composition comprising at least one bactericidal agent selected from the group consisting of sodium benzoate, sodium metabisulfite, sodium fluoride and sodium fluorosilicate and any combination thereof, and at least one chelating agent selected from the group consisting of sodium salts of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (edta). (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
    公开号:ES2583139A1
    申请号:ES201630888
    申请日:2016-06-30
    公开日:2016-09-19
    发明作者:Juan José TUR MOYA
    申请人:COM E IND GARCIA SANCHEZ S A；Comercial E Industrial Garcia Sanchez Sa；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

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    DESCRIPTION
    METHOD FOR SHORT-TERM CONSERVATION OF LEATHER AND SKIN
    FRESH
    Technical field
    The present invention relates to a method for the preservation of fresh hides and skins in the short term, that is, for a period of up to 10 days, preferably 1 to 6 days. The method is applicable without the need for complicated infrastructure not available in small slaughter facilities with very limited productions that do not allow daily collection to conservation centers by salty or cold. The present invention ensures that fresh hides and skins are preserved without deterioration until they are transferred to cold or salty treatment centers, so that logistics are more efficient.
    Background of the invention
    The traditional tanning industry has its raw material in animal skin. The outer part of a live animal's leather contains bacteria and other microorganisms kept under control by the animal's immune defenses. When he dies, the putrefaction process begins immediately.
    The time elapsed from the sacrifice of the animal to the entry into the cold chain or salting (which stops the bacterial attack), is critical. The autolysis and the bacterial attack of the skin are maximum in the period of time that elapses from the skinning until the time of the preparation of the preservation and even in the initial stages of this, since at this point the skin has all its moisture and lacks defenses.
    The leather of an animal that has just been sacrificed is constituted by two thirds of water and on its surface there are innumerable bacteria from the grasslands in which the animal has been raised. The blood, droppings and intestinal contents that are attached to the hides after slaughter, act as food for these bacteria and accelerate the breakdown of the leather.
    For this reason, several methods have been developed to control the damage caused by
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    Bacterial degradation in this short, but very important, period of time that goes from the sacrifice of the animal to the arrival at the treatment center where the usual conservation methods are applied.
    As ^ US 4379709 A describes a method for disinfecting and preserving skins and hides by contact with a mixture of an inorganic salt of zinc and an acidic acid first, and subsequently with common salt and an acid with a disinfectant and preservative effect. The effectiveness of this treatment can be improved with the addition of organic preservatives, particularly carboxylic acids.
    This method basically focuses on the conservation for a short period of time (“short-term”), with the main objective of reducing the amount of sodium chloride used in the preservation and prior treatment of the hides in an aqueous bath to which They add a series of chemicals. However, this method requires the existence of a treatment infrastructure not usually available in meat production centers, and that presupposes a high cost.
    US 4713078 A (also published as ES 8706838 A1) discloses a method for preserving raw hides, skins and skins of animals using an aqueous solution containing 0.1% cyanamide and surfactants. Thus, this document proposes a method for "short-term" storage with reduced use of sodium chloride.
    US 4935031 A proposes a method of preservation of short duration of hides and skins using a solution of an alkaline chlorinated compound, for example sodium chlorite, additionally containing a phenolic compound, sulphonates, emulsifying phosphates with hygroscopic effect that help the penetration of the solution in leather However, this method involves the preparation of complex mixtures and an economically expensive manual application.
    US 5096553 A discloses a method with washing, decaring, removed from the adhered manure, to subsequently immerse them in an antiseptic solution, drained from excess moisture and irradiated. However, the method described in this document presents a high complexity that requires complex irradiation facilities, not available in most collection centers.
    EP 0932704 B1 describes a composition containing a polyether antibiotic and a
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    surfactant for short-term conservation of hides and skins. This document describes background of compositions for preserving leathers and skins in which antibacterial additives are added to common salt. These additives include, for example, naphthalene, p-chloro-m-creosol, sodium fluorosilicate, orthanotine compounds, chlorinated phenols, pyridine derivatives, quaternary ammonium compounds, zinc salts, monochloroacetic acid.
    US 6375861 B1 presents a combination of active compounds for the preservation of hides and skins that includes at least one phenolic compound and at least one heterocyclic nitrogen compound. Additionally, this patent describes the bacteriostatic-bactericidal potential of different phenolic and azo compounds to be used in formulations used in tanning processes.
    WO 2014/191862 A1 proposes a dry process to preserve hides and skins by using a dry preservative composition that includes a solid acid and a mixture of sodium chloride and potassium chloride in variable proportion, so that a pH is achieved of the skin of 3.5. This method is applicable on sheep and / or goatskins and not on cattle hides. Likewise, the requirement of a previous determination of the humidity before the application of the method of conservation, makes it a "laboratory" method rather than a practical industrial use, where the state of the raw material can vary substantially according to different factors ( eg areas, origins, seasons, etc).
    Thus, the present invention relates to a short term or "short term" preservation method, in particular for a period of up to 10 days, preferably between 1 and 6 days, per treatment, in particular by immersion, pulverization or irrigation, of leathers or skins of animals recently slaughtered with aqueous solutions of different products, or of their combinations, which allows a rapid bacteriostatic or bactericidal treatment.The application of the method of the present invention immediately after the slaughter of the animal facilitates efficient logistics in the collection , manipulation and transfer of fresh skins and leathers to the cold or salty treatment centers under optimal conditions of conservation at room temperature.
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    Definitions
    For the purposes of this patent, fresh or raw leather and fresh or raw skin are understood as the skin of an animal that has not undergone any conservation process.
    For the purposes of this patent, tanned leather and tanned skin refer to the skin of an animal transformed by a physical-chemical tanning process.
    For the purposes of the present invention, leather preferably and non-exclusively refers to skin of a large animal, for example bovine and / or equine skin.
    For the purposes of the present invention, skin preferably and non-exclusively refers to skins of a small animal, for example sheep and / or goatskins.
    Description of the invention
    The present invention relates to a method for the preservation of fresh hides and skins from slaughtered animals, preferably the method of the invention is applied within a maximum period of one hour after skinning, by treating the skins and fresh hides with an aqueous composition comprising at least one bactericidal agent selected from the group consisting of sodium benzoate, sodium metabisulfite, sodium fluoride, sodium fluorosilicate and any combination thereof; and at least one chelating agent selected from the group consisting of sodium salts of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), preferably di- or tri-sodium salts of EDTA. However, although the use of sodium salts of EDTA is preferred, in the method of the present invention NTA (Triacetic Nitrile Acid), DTPA (Pentacetic triamine diethylene acid), STPP (Sodium Tripolyphosphate) could also be used as chelating agents.
    In the present invention, EDTA salts have an important bactericide enhancing effect especially against gram-negative bacteria that are the most abundant on the surface of the leather, especially Pseudomonas. Said salts possess a sequestering power of Mg and Ca ions that causes a partial solubilization of the walls.
    bacteria cells, increasing their permeability to the biocides present. He
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    EDTA's mechanism of action is based on its extracellular action, and on the intracellular absorption and precipitation of metal chelates having a broader spectrum of action than other chelating agents.
    In preferred embodiments of the present invention, the conservation method described herein comprises the treatment of fresh skins and leathers by immersion, pulverization or irrigation of the aqueous composition. In particular, in those embodiments in which the treatment is carried out by spraying or irrigation, the aqueous composition is applied by the part of the leather where the hair is located.
    The skins and leathers treated by spraying or irrigation can be stored at a temperature between 15 and 40 ° C for a period of 5 days, preferably up to 3 days, before performing the subsequent treatment that allows their preservation for longer periods. Particularly advantageously, skins and hides treated by immersion in the aqueous composition can be stored at room temperature, in particular between 15 and 40 ° C, for a period of up to 10 days, without causing autolysis or bacterial degradation. . In this way, whether the treatment is carried out by immersion, as if it is carried out by spraying or irrigating, it is possible to transport the treated skins and leathers without the need for refrigeration to tanning centers or to collection centers where they are given a subsequent treatment that allows its preservation for longer periods of time.
    In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the treatment of fresh hides and skins with the aqueous composition takes place at an ambient temperature between 25 and 40 ° C. In this way the preservative action of the aqueous composition is increased.
    In another preferred embodiment, the method of preservation described in this application comprises immersion of the fresh hides and skins in the aqueous composition for a minimum period of 24 hours. After this time, the treated hides and skins can be removed from the solution and stored between 15 and 35 ° C, more preferably between 20 and 25 ° C. Alternatively, the hides and skins can also be stored in the aqueous solution described in this patent application.
    In another preferred embodiment, the method of preservation described in this
    request includes spraying or irrigating fresh leathers and skins, on the part
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    where the hair is, in the aqueous composition at a rate of 0.5 to 1.5 liters of composition per m2 of surface of the leather or skin to be treated, preferably between 0.75 liter / m2 and 1.0 liter / m2. Subsequently, the leathers can be folded for storage and transport, preferably according to the head-tail axis, keeping the hair inside the fold.
    Preferably, when the method comprises the treatment of fresh hides and skins by immersion, the concentration of the bactericidal agent in the aqueous composition is between 1,000 and 50,000 ppm. In particular, in those embodiments of the invention in which the bactericidal agent is sodium benzoate, sodium fluoride, sodium metabisulfite or any combination of the foregoing, the concentration of the bactericidal agent in the aqueous composition is preferably between 2,000 and 50,000 ppm and , more preferably, between 15,000 and 25,000 ppm. On the other hand, in those particular embodiments of the invention in which the bactericidal agent is sodium silicofluoride, the concentration of the bactericidal agent in the aqueous composition is preferably between
    1,000 and 6,000 ppm and more preferably between 2,500 and 4,000 ppm.
    In other particular embodiments of the invention, when the method comprises the treatment of fresh hides and skins by immersion and, preferably, the concentration of bactericidal agent is as defined in the preceding paragraph, the concentration of the chelating agent in the aqueous composition it is between 1,000 and 10,000 ppm, more preferably between 4,000 and 6,000 ppm.
    Alternatively, when the method for the conservation of fresh skins and leathers described herein comprises the treatment by spraying or irrigation, the concentration of the bactericidal agent in the aqueous composition is between 5,000 and 50,000 ppm. In particular, in those embodiments of the invention in which the bactericidal agent is sodium benzoate, sodium fluoride, sodium metabisulfite or any combination of the foregoing, the concentration of the bactericidal agent in the aqueous composition is preferably between 20,000 and 50,000 ppm and , more preferably, between
    25,000 and 35,000 ppm.
    In other particular embodiments of the invention, when the method comprises the treatment of fresh hides and skins by spraying or irrigation and, preferably, the concentration of bactericidal agent is as defined in the preceding paragraph, the
    concentration of the chelating agent in the aqueous composition is between 2,000 and 20,000
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    ppm, more preferably between 6,000 and 10,000 ppm.
    Additionally, this patent application also refers to an aqueous composition for the conservation of fresh hides and skins, comprising at least one bactericidal agent selected from the group consisting of sodium benzoate, sodium metabisulfite, sodium fluoride and sodium fluorosilicate and any combination of the same, and at least one chelating agent selected from the group consisting of sodium salts of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA).
    In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the aqueous composition comprises a concentration of bactericidal agent between 1,000 and 50,000 ppm. More preferably between 15,000 and 50,000 ppm, when the bactericidal agent is selected from the group consisting of sodium benzoate, sodium metabisulfite, sodium fluoride and a combination of the foregoing; and a concentration between 1,000 and 6,000 ppm, when the bactericidal agent is sodium silicofluoride.
    In particular, when the aqueous composition comprises between 15,000 and 25,000 ppm of a bactericidal agent selected from sodium benzoate, sodium metabisulfite, sodium fluoride and a combination of the above, this composition is particularly advantageous for use in the method for the preservation of skins and fresh leathers by immersion of the skins and fresh leathers in the aqueous composition.
    On the other hand, when the aqueous composition comprises between 25,000 and 50,000 ppm of a bactericidal agent selected from sodium benzoate, sodium metabisulfite, sodium fluoride and a combination of the above, this composition is particularly advantageous for use in the method for the preservation of skins. and fresh leathers by pulverization or irrigation of the aqueous composition on fresh leathers and leathers.
    In other particular embodiments of the invention, the concentration of the chelating agent in the aqueous composition is between 1,000 and 20,000 ppm. In particular, when the aqueous composition comprises between 1,000 and 10,000 ppm, more preferably between 4,000 and 6,000 ppm of the chelating agent, this composition is particularly advantageous for use in the method for the preservation of fresh skins and leathers by immersion in the aqueous composition. .
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    On the other hand, when the aqueous composition comprises between 2,000 and 20,000 ppm, more preferably between 6,000 and 10,000 ppm of the chelating agent, this composition is particularly advantageous for use in the method for the conservation of fresh skins and leathers by pulverization or irrigation of the aqueous composition on the skins and fresh leathers.
    Unless expressly stated otherwise, the concentrations included in the present patent application are expressed by weight with respect to the total weight of the aqueous composition (ppm).
    Examples
    A series of examples of the present invention are described below, although the scope thereof is not limited to the details of the examples in any way.
    EXAMPLE 1: Beef, male and female leathers of a fresh weight range of 20 to 30 kg are taken from animals from the Center of Spain that were slaughtered during the month of July, with ambient temperatures between 30 and 35 ° C. The animals were sacrificed within 30 to 60 minutes before immersion in the bath of the preservative composition, with a temperature of the leathers between 33-35 ° C and about a third of them with remains of manure attached to the skin . The leathers were introduced into the aqueous composition as they came from the slaughter line without any cleaning after slaughter and prior to bath immersion. The weight ratio between fresh leather / preservative composition was 2: 1, the aqueous composition was at a bath temperature of 18 ° C, and contained 20,000 ppm of sodium benzoate as a bactericidal agent and 5,000 ppm of the tri-sodium salt of the ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) as chelating agent. The leathers were kept in the aqueous solution for a period of 24 hours and at a bath temperature between 25 and 30 ° C for a period of 4 days. Subsequently, the leathers were extracted from the aqueous solution and kept between 20 and -30 ° C for a period of up to 6 days after their bath extraction.
    EXAMPLE 2: The procedure described in detail in Example 1 was followed, using an aqueous composition containing 20,000 ppm of sodium fluoride as a bactericidal agent and
    5,000 ppm of the tri-sodium salt of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) as an agent
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    chelator
    EXAMPLE 3: The procedure described in detail in Example 1 was followed, using an aqueous composition containing 3,500 ppm of sodium silicofluoride as a bactericidal agent and 5,000 ppm of the tri-sodium salt of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) as a chelating agent.
    EXAMPLE 4: The procedure described in detail in Example 1 was followed, using an aqueous composition containing 20,000 ppm of sodium metabisulfite as a bactericidal agent and 5,000 ppm of the tri-sodium salt of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) as a chelating agent.
    EXAMPLE 5: Cattle, male and female leathers, from a fresh weight range of 20 to 30 kg, are taken from animals from the Center of Spain that were slaughtered during the month of July, with ambient temperatures of 30-35 ° C . The animals were slaughtered within 30 to 60 minutes before the immersion of the leathers in the bathroom with the preservative composition, with a temperature of the leathers between 33-35 ° C, and about a third of them with remains of manure attached to the skin. The leathers were introduced into the aqueous composition as they came from the slaughter line without any cleaning after slaughter and prior to bath immersion. The weight ratio between fresh leather / preservative composition was 2: 1, the aqueous composition it was at a bath temperature of 18 ° C, and contained 20,000 ppm of sodium benzoate as a bactericidal agent and 5,000 ppm of the tri-sodium salt of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) as a chelating agent. The leathers were kept in the aqueous solution for a period of 7 days and at a bath temperature between 20 and 25 ° C Subsequently, the leathers were extracted from the aqueous solution and kept between 20 and 30 ° C for a period of up to 3 days after his bath extraction.
    EXAMPLE 6: The procedure described in detail in Example 5 was followed, using an aqueous composition containing 20,000 ppm of sodium fluoride as a bactericidal agent and
    5,000 ppm of the tri-sodium salt of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) as a chelating agent.
    EXAMPLE 7: The procedure described in detail in example 5 was followed, using a
    aqueous composition containing 3,500 ppm of sodium silicofluoride as an agent
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    bactericidal and 5,000 ppm of the tri-sodium salt of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) as a chelating agent.
    EXAMPLE 8: The procedure described in detail in Example 5 was followed, using an aqueous composition containing 20,000 ppm of sodium metabisulfite as a bactericidal agent and 5,000 ppm of the tri-sodium salt of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) as a chelating agent.
    The processed leathers as described in examples 1-9 were processed, tanning them to the chrome and evaluating their conservation status, without appreciating any damage for that object. Subsequently, the normal manufacturing process was followed, with a mixed chromosynthetic re-tanning and evaluating the condition of the leather after it had been dried and dried, without observing any incidence regarding the state of preservation of the leather, nor appreciable differences between the processes followed in examples 1-4. Nor were differences observed in comparison with leathers processed by the same tanning method, which have not previously undergone the preservation treatments detailed in this patent application.
    EXAMPLE 9: Cow hides, male and female, of a range of fresh weights of 20 to 30 kg are taken, from animals from the Center of Spain that were slaughtered during the month of July, with ambient temperatures between 30 and 35 ° C. The animals were slaughtered within a period of 30 to 60 minutes before their treatment with a spray at a pressure of 4 bars, for the part of the hair of the preservative composition and an amount of 3 liters per leather, with an estimated area of the same of 3.5 m2 with a temperature of the leathers between 33-35 ° C and about a third of them with remains of manure attached to the skin. The leathers were treated as described as they came from the slaughter line without any cleaning after slaughter and prior to pulverization. The reserve aqueous composition was prepared with network water at a temperature of 18 ° C, and contained 30,000 ppm of sodium benzoate as a bactericidal agent and
    7,000 ppm of the tri-sodium salt of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) as a chelating agent. The leathers were folded after the treatment following the head-tail axis, and subsequently in a transverse way, forming a package with 4 doubles and with the hair inside, they were stored stacked in a sealed box, pulverizing the part of the meat with 1 liter / leather when stacked, they were stored between 20 and -30 ° C for a period of up to 5 days after their treatment.
    EXAMPLE 10: The procedure described in detail in Example 9 was followed, using an aqueous composition containing 30,000 ppm of sodium metabisulfite as a bactericidal agent and 7,000 ppm of the tri-sodium salt of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) as a chelating agent.
    EXAMPLE 11: The procedure described in detail in Example 9 was followed, using an aqueous composition containing 30,000 ppm of sodium fluoride as a bactericidal agent and
    7,000 ppm of the tri-sodium salt of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) as a chelating agent
    The processed leathers as described in examples 9 to 11 were processed, tanning them to the chrome and evaluating their conservation status, without appreciating any damage for that object. Subsequently, the normal manufacturing process was followed, with a mixed chrome-synthetic re-tanning and evaluating the condition of the leather after it had been dried and dried, without observing any incidence regarding the state of preservation of the leather, or differences appreciable among the processes followed in examples 1-8. Nor were differences observed in comparison with leathers processed by the same tanning method, which have not previously undergone the preservation treatments detailed in this patent application.
    权利要求:
    Claims (15)
    [1]
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    1. A method for the conservation of fresh hides and skins, characterized in that it comprises the treatment of fresh hides and skins with an aqueous composition comprising at least one bactericidal agent selected from the group consisting of sodium benzoate, sodium metabisulfite, sodium fluoride and fluorosilicate sodium and any combination thereof, and at least one chelating agent selected from the group consisting of sodium salts of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA).
    [2]
    2. The method of claim 1, wherein the treatment of fresh hides and skins takes place by immersion, pulverization or irrigation of the aqueous composition.
    [3]
    3. The method of any one of claims 1 to 2, wherein the treatment of fresh hides and skins takes place at an ambient temperature between 25 and 40 ° C.
    [4]
    4. The method of any one of claims 2 to 3, wherein the treatment takes place by immersion, for a minimum period of 24 hours.
    [5]
    5. The method of any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein the treatment takes place by immersion, and the concentration of the bactericidal agent in the aqueous composition is between 1,000 and 50,000 ppm.
    [6]
    6. The method of claim 5, wherein the bactericidal agent is selected from the group consisting of sodium benzoate, sodium fluoride, sodium metabisulfite and any combination thereof; and its concentration in the aqueous composition is between 2,000 and 50,000 ppm.
    [7]
    7. The method of claim 5, wherein the bactericidal agent is sodium silicofluoride and its concentration in the aqueous composition is between 1,000 and 6,000 ppm.
    [8]
    8. The method of any one of claims 4 to 7, wherein the concentration of the chelating agent in the aqueous composition is between 1,000 and 10,000 ppm.
    [9]
    9. The method of any one of claims 2 to 3, wherein the treatment has
    place by spraying or irrigation with a dose between 0.5 liter / m2 to 1.5 liter / m2 of
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    surface to be treated
    [10]
    10. The method of any one of claims 2, 3 or 9, wherein the treatment takes place by spraying or irrigation, and the concentration of the bactericidal agent in the aqueous composition is between 5,000 and 50,000 ppm.
    [11]
    11. The method of claim 10, wherein the bactericidal agent is selected from the group consisting of sodium benzoate, sodium fluoride, sodium metabisulfite and any combination thereof; and its concentration in the aqueous composition is between 20,000 and 50,000 ppm.
    [12]
    12. The method of any one of claims 10 to 11, wherein the concentration of the chelating agent in the aqueous composition is between 2,000 and 20,000 ppm.
    [13]
    13. An aqueous composition for the conservation of fresh hides and skins, characterized in that it comprises at least one bactericidal agent selected from the group consisting of sodium benzoate, sodium metabisulfite, sodium fluoride and sodium fluorosilicate and any combination thereof, and at least one chelating agent selected from the group consisting of sodium salts of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA).
    [14]
    14. The aqueous composition of claim 13, wherein the concentration of the bactericidal agent is between 1,000 and 50,000 ppm.
    [15]
    15. The aqueous composition of claim 13, wherein the concentration of the chelating agent is between 1,000 and 20,000 ppm.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    ES2583139B1|2017-06-26|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    ES2212870A1|2001-08-08|2004-08-01|Consejo Superior De Investigaciones Cientificas|Stabilisation and storage of connective tissue and skin of marine animals for the production of collagen and/or gelatin|
    US20060112494A1|2004-12-01|2006-06-01|David Oppong|Method of protecting an animal skin product from metalloproteinase activity|
    WO2015195632A1|2014-06-17|2015-12-23|The United States of Americas, as represented by the Secretary of Agriculture|Methods for preserving untanned animal hides|
    ES2538029A1|2015-05-21|2015-06-16|Comercial E Industrial García Sánchez|Method for improving the salting of raw hides and skins by the addition of bactericidal agents to sodium chloride |
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